The International Monetary Fund (IMF) Executive Board completed its 2026 Article IV consultation with Israel. In a statement, the fund said rising regional tensions in the Middle East are casting a shadow over the Israeli economy.
Growth Estimate Reduced
According to the statement, the 2026 growth estimate, which was projected at 4.8% before the war, was lowered to 3.5% due to the sharp contraction in the first quarter and the limited recovery expected for the remainder of the year.
Inflation and Risks
Despite the appreciation of the shekel, rising energy prices and supply constraints are expected to temporarily push inflation higher. Risks to the growth outlook are assessed as downside, while inflation risks are assessed as upside. Deeper and more prolonged regional conflicts remain a key concern.
Medium-Term Challenges
The economic repercussions of the conflicts and long-standing challenges in the labor market are putting pressure on the medium-term outlook. According to the IMF, rebuilding fiscal buffers, increasing labor supply and productivity, and ensuring price and financial stability are identified as key priorities.
Defense Spending and Labor
The statement expressed the expectation that defense spending will remain high due to ongoing conflicts, and labor supply will remain constrained by military mobilization and reduced access to non-Israeli labor. It emphasized that these pressures will exacerbate structural challenges such as low participation rates among certain groups and slow down the medium-term economic outlook.